The processing of steel plates involves multiple stages such as cutting, forming, welding, and heat treatment. Due to differences in material, thickness, and strength grade, numerous details must be paid attention to during processing to ensure precision, performance, and safety. The following is an explanation from the perspectives of general processing links and precautions for special types of steel plates:

I. Core Details in General Processing Links

1. Cutting Processing

Selection of cutting methods:

Thin plates (thickness < 10mm) can be cut by shearing or plasma cutting. It is necessary to ensure the sharpness of the shearing edge to avoid edge burrs or deformation.

Medium and thick plates (10-50mm) are commonly cut by flame cutting (oxy-acetylene cutting) or laser cutting. For flame cutting, the preheating temperature and cutting speed must be controlled to prevent overheated zones near the cut (which may cause grain coarsening or hard and brittle structures).

For thick plates (thickness > 50mm) or high-strength steel plates (such as 30CrNi3MoV), precision cutting (e.g., CNC flame cutting) is recommended, with machining allowances reserved to avoid subsequent deformation caused by cutting stress.

Control of dimensional accuracy: Before cutting, equipment parameters (such as laser focus and flame nozzle angle) must be calibrated to ensure the cutting dimensional error is ≤ ±1mm (according to drawing requirements), especially to avoid defects like beveled edges or wavy edges.

Edge treatment: After cutting, burrs and flash must be removed; if necessary, grinding or chamfering should be performed (e.g., the welding groove must be smooth to avoid residual oil stains or oxide scales).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Forming Processing (bending, stamping, rolling, etc.)

Matching of deformation amount and material plasticity:

Low-carbon steel (such as Q235) has good plasticity and can withstand a larger bending radius (usually the bending radius ≥ 1.5 times the plate thickness).

High-strength alloy steel plates (such as 30CrMnMoRE) have low plasticity and require step-by-step forming with small deformation amounts to avoid cracking at the bending position (plasticity can be improved by preheating to 100-200°C).

Mold and pressure control: The forming mold must match the plate thickness to avoid local stress concentration caused by undersized molds; the loading speed of the press should be uniform to prevent plate tearing due to instantaneous impact.

Springback compensation: High-strength steel plates are prone to springback after forming. A springback allowance must be reserved in mold design (usually determined based on experience or tests) to ensure the final dimensions meet the standards.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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