X - ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD)

Experimental Procedure: Collect samples of NVF550 steel plates with phosphorus segregation, grind them into fine powder, and then use an X - ray diffractometer to analyze the samples. Scan in different angular ranges, record the X - ray diffraction patterns, and obtain the diffraction peak information of various crystal phases in the samples.

Analysis Method: According to the characteristics such as the positions, intensities, and shapes of the diffraction peaks in the XRD patterns, compare and match them with the standard crystal structure database to determine the phase components existing in the samples. For the brittle phase caused by phosphorus segregation, the standard diffraction data of relevant phosphides or other possible brittle phases can be searched to judge whether these phases exist and their relative contents. If a diffraction peak corresponding to a brittle phase such as iron phosphide appears in the XRD pattern and its intensity is relatively high, it indicates that this brittle phase exists in the sample.

 

 

 

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Analysis

Analysis Method: TEM can provide high - resolution microscopic images and can clearly observe the lattice fringes, dislocation configurations, and other microscopic characteristics of the brittle phase. The crystal - structure type of the brittle phase is determined through SAED, and then the element composition is analyzed through EDS to accurately identify the specific composition of the brittle phase. For example, if a phase with a specific lattice spacing and diffraction pattern is observed under TEM and the EDS analysis shows that it contains phosphorus and other specific elements, the specific composition and structure of this phase can be determined.

Thermodynamic Calculation and Phase - Diagram Analysis

Experimental Procedure: Firstly, determine the accurate chemical composition of the NVF550 steel plate, including the contents of main alloy elements and impurity elements. Then, according to the alloy thermodynamic theory, use relevant thermodynamic calculation software or databases, input the chemical composition and temperature and other parameters, and calculate the equilibrium phases and metastable phases that may be formed under the temperature conditions of the welding heat - affected zone. At the same time, combine the corresponding alloy phase diagrams to analyze the segregation behavior of phosphorus elements in different temperature and composition ranges and the possibility of forming compounds with other elements.

Analysis : Through thermodynamic calculation and phase - diagram analysis, the composition of the brittle phase that may be caused by phosphorus segregation can be predicted theoretically. Compare and verify the calculation results with the actual analysis results obtained from the above - mentioned experimental methods to further confirm the specific composition and formation mechanism of the brittle phase. For example, if the calculation shows that phosphorus has a high tendency to form intermetallic compounds with elements such as iron and chromium at a specific temperature, and the enrichment of these elements in the phosphorus - segregated regions is detected in the experiment, the existence of the corresponding brittle phase can be more certain.

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