Physical properties of aluminum

Material structure
The peripheral electronic configuration of aluminum atoms is 3s ² 3p ¹， It often appears as+3 Oxidation state in compounds. The aluminum atom has an empty 3d orbital, and can form a stable complex with the Coordination number number of 6 or 4 with the electron pair donor. If an aluminum atom loses two 3s electrons and one 3p electron simultaneously, it generates a trivalent aluminum ion (Al ³ Å); If one 3s electron and one 3p electron are lost, a divalent aluminum ion (Al) is generated ² Å); If one 3p electron is lost, monovalent aluminum ions (Al+) are generated, and low valent aluminum ions are usually unstable at low temperatures [6].
The lattice of aluminum belongs to the face centered cubic type. Aluminum atoms (aluminum ions) are located at the nodes of the lattice and at the center of the surface, which is equivalent to having 4 aluminum atoms in each lattice.
Basic physical properties
Aluminium is a silver Light metal. It has extensibility. Products are often made into columns, rods, sheets, foils, powders, ribbons, and filaments. Melting point 660 ℃. Boiling point 2327 ℃. The relative density is 2.70, and the density of aluminum liquid is 2.303 g/cm ³。 The elastic modulus is 70Gpa, and the Poisson's ratio is 0.33. The conductivity of aluminum is about 60% of that of copper. If measured by unit mass, the conductivity of aluminum exceeds that of copper, and it often replaces copper in long-distance transmission. It is widely used for its lightweight, good conductivity and thermal conductivity, high reflectivity, and oxidation resistance. Aluminum used for daily household utensils is usually referred to as "steel grade" or "steel grade". The thermal expansion coefficient of Al at 25 ℃ (room temperature) is 0.0000236mm/℃ or 23.6ppm · k-1