Oxidation Reaction Stage in the Steel-making Process

 

In oxygen top-blown converter steel-making, top-blown gas stirring plays a crucial role. Oxygen is blown into the molten steel at a high speed. It is not only used to oxidize impurities (such as carbon, phosphorus, silicon, etc.) in the molten steel but also the intense stirring effect it generates helps to accelerate the reaction rate. For example, in the decarburization reaction, the top-blown oxygen enables the carbon in the molten steel to quickly come into contact with oxygen and undergo an oxidation reaction, generating carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide to be discharged. This stirring method allows the molten steel to complete the main reactions in the oxidation stage within a short period of time, thus improving the steel-making efficiency.

 

For steel grades that require precise control of the degree of oxidation, top-blown gas stirring is also very applicable. By adjusting the flow rate and blowing time of oxygen, the amount of oxidation of various elements in the molten steel can be precisely controlled. For instance, when producing stainless steel, it is necessary to strictly control the degree of oxidation of chromium. Top-blown gas stirring can ensure that the chromium element is oxidized appropriately to remove impurities while preventing it from being over-oxidized, thus guaranteeing the quality of the stainless steel.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grade	(wt%)Chemical Composition(wt%)
	C	Si	Mi	P	S	Cr	Ni	Mo	Cu	As	Sb
12Cr2Mo1R(H)	≤0.15	≤0.15	0.30-0.60	≤0.010	≤0.010	2.0-2.5	≤0.20	0.90-1.10	≤0.20	≤0.016	≤0.003

 

Molten Steel Stirring Operation in Large Steel-making Furnaces

 

In large steel-making furnaces, the amount of molten steel is relatively large. Adopting top-blown gas stirring can effectively cover a large volume of the molten steel. Compared with other stirring methods, the energy of top-blown gas stirring can be adjusted by modifying the parameters of the blown gas (such as flow rate, pressure, etc.) to meet the requirements of large steel-making furnaces. For example, in a large converter with a capacity of several hundred tons, by reasonably setting the position of the oxygen lance and the blowing parameters, top-blown gas stirring can ensure that the molten steel in the entire molten steel pool is fully stirred, guaranteeing the uniformity of the composition and temperature of the molten steel.

 

For large steel-making furnaces with relatively regular shapes, the effect of top-blown gas stirring is more obvious. Because in such cases, the convection generated by the blown gas can be distributed more regularly in the furnace, which is more conducive to the overall stirring of the molten steel. For example, in some large cylindrical steel-making furnaces, top-blown gas stirring can enable the molten steel to be well mixed in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

 

 

 

 

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