RINA Steel Plate refers to the shipbuilding steel plates that meet the standards of the Registro Italiano Navale (RINA), the Italian classification society. Here is a detailed introduction about it:

1. Grades and Their Characteristics

 

General Strength Grades:

RINA Grade A: This is a common general strength grade. It has a relatively lower yield strength requirement compared to high-strength grades. The yield strength is typically ≥ 235 MPa, with a tensile strength in the range of 400 - 520 MPa. It is suitable for constructing parts of ship structures where the load-bearing requirements are not extremely high, like some internal bulkheads of smaller vessels or less critical areas of the hull.

RINA Grade B: Similar to Grade A but might have slightly different chemical compositions and mechanical property ranges within the general strength category. It also finds application in various basic structural components of ships that don't experience overly harsh loading conditions.

RINA Grade D: This grade has better impact resistance properties compared to Grades A and B. It is often used in areas of the ship that could be exposed to lower temperatures or need to withstand more dynamic impacts, such as the outer hull plates of ships navigating in certain colder regions.

RINA Grade E: Known for its excellent low-temperature impact toughness. It is designed to be used in ship structures that will operate in extremely cold environments, ensuring the steel remains ductile and resistant to brittle fracture even at very low temperatures.

High-Strength Grades:

RINA AH32: With a yield strength of ≥ 315 MPa and a tensile strength in the range of 440 - 570 MPa, it offers higher strength than the general strength grades. It is commonly used in areas of large ships like container ships and oil tankers where higher stress resistance is needed, such as the decks and side walls that have to bear heavy cargo loads and wave impacts.

RINA DH32: Similar to AH32 in strength but has enhanced impact properties at specific temperatures. It is often utilized in structural components that may face both high stress and the possibility of impact in relatively cold conditions.

RINA EH32: This grade combines good strength with excellent low-temperature impact toughness. It is suitable for critical areas of ships that operate in cold waters or have to endure significant dynamic loads in harsh environments.

RINA AH36: Has a yield strength of ≥ 355 MPa and a tensile strength ranging from 490 - 620 MPa. It provides even higher strength and is widely used in the construction of modern large and high-performance ships, especially in parts that bear heavy loads and complex stress conditions, like the bottom plates of very large container ships.

RINA DH36: Similar to AH36 in strength aspects but with improved impact performance at designated temperatures, making it ideal for structural parts that require both strength and reliable impact resistance in coldish environments.

RINA EH36: Known for its high strength and outstanding low-temperature impact toughness. It is frequently used in the most critical structural components of ships that have to function well in extremely cold and challenging marine conditions, safeguarding the integrity of the ship's structure.

2. Chemical Composition

 

The chemical composition varies depending on the grade. Generally, elements like carbon (C), silicon (Si), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and sometimes microalloying elements such as niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), and titanium (Ti) are involved. For example, in high-strength grades, the carbon content is usually controlled at a relatively low level (often around 0.18% or less) to ensure good weldability while maintaining strength. Manganese is added in appropriate amounts to enhance hardenability and strength. Phosphorus and sulfur contents are strictly limited (generally less than 0.035% each) to avoid defects and ensure quality. Microalloying elements, when present, help in refining the grain structure and further improving the strength and toughness of the steel.

3. Mechanical Properties

 

Yield Strength: As mentioned earlier for each grade, it ranges from the lower values in general strength grades like ≥ 235 MPa to higher values in high-strength grades such as ≥ 355 MPa. This determines the maximum stress the steel can withstand without undergoing permanent deformation.

Tensile Strength: The tensile strength also varies by grade, falling within specific ranges. It indicates the ability of the steel to resist being pulled apart and gives an idea of its overall load-bearing capacity under tension.

Elongation: Elongation is an important measure of the steel's plasticity. Different grades have specified minimum elongation percentages when measured at certain gauge lengths (e.g., at a gauge length of 50 mm or 200 mm), showing how much the steel can stretch before breaking.

Impact Toughness: This is crucial, especially for grades meant for use in cold environments. Tests are conducted at specific temperatures (like -20 °C, -40 °C, etc., depending on the grade) to measure the energy absorbed by the steel during impact, ensuring it has enough toughness to resist brittle fracture.

 

 

 

Equivalent steel grade of RI/AH36
DNV	GL	LR	BV	CCS	NK	KR	ABS
NV A36	GL-A36	LR/AH36	BV/AH36	CCS/A36	K A36	R A36	AB/A36

 

 

 

4. Size Range

 

The thickness of RINA Steel Plates typically ranges from a few millimeters to several hundred millimeters. The width can vary from around 1200 mm to over 4000 mm, and the length usually spans from several meters to around 18000 mm. This wide range of sizes allows them to be used for constructing various parts of ship structures, from small components to large sections of the hull and superstructure.

5. Delivery Condition

 

They can be delivered in different states such as hot rolling, controlled rolling, thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP), or normalizing. The choice of delivery condition depends on factors like the plate thickness, the intended application, and the specific requirements of the shipbuilder. For example, TMCP is often used for high-strength grades as it can effectively refine the grain structure and improve the mechanical properties of the steel.

 

 

In summary, RINA Steel Plates, with their diverse grades and excellent properties, play a vital role in modern shipbuilding, providing the necessary materials for constructing safe and reliable ships.

 

 

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