Surface Treatment Technologies for Alloy Plate Steel Nickel 201

1. Mechanical Surface Treatment

Polishing and Grinding

Mechanical Polishing: Uses abrasive belts, grinding wheels, or polishing compounds to remove surface defects (scratches, oxides) and achieve a smooth finish (e.g., #2B finish for general industrial use).

Electro-polishing: An electrolytic process that dissolves the surface micro-roughness, forming a mirror-like finish (Ra ≤0.2μm). This reduces surface roughness and enhances corrosion resistance, suitable for medical or food-grade equipment.

Blasting and Peening

Sandblasting: Uses high-pressure sand (alumina, silica) to create a uniform matte surface, removing scale and improving adhesion for subsequent coatings. Common in pre-treatment for pipelines or structural components.

Shot Peening: Impacts the surface with metal shots to induce compressive stress, enhancing fatigue resistance. Applied in aerospace components or high-stress parts.

2. Chemical and Electrochemical Treatments

Pickling and Descaling

Acid Pickling: Immerses the plate in a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids to remove oxide layers (NiO, FeO) formed during heat treatment, revealing a clean metal surface. Critical for maintaining corrosion resistance.

Passivation: After pickling, treating with nitric acid to form a dense nickel oxide (NiO) passive film, which reduces the activity of the metal surface and prevents further oxidation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comparison with 316 Stainless Steel

Characteristic	316 Stainless Steel	316L Stainless Steel
Carbon content	≤0.08%	≤0.03%
Intergranular corrosion risk	Requires post-welding heat treatment	No post-welding heat treatment needed
Corrosion resistance	Moderate	Superior (especially for welded parts)
High-temperature strength	Slightly higher	Slightly lower (but better low-temperature toughness)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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